Indonesia vs Japan: R&D Expenditure Comparison
Compare Research and Development Expenditure (% of GDP) of Indonesia and Japan over time using official World Bank Open Data.
In 2023, Japan recorded Research and Development Expenditure (% of GDP) of 3.4% vs 0.3% for Indonesia (Japan's R&D Expenditure is 3.2% higher than Indonesia's.).
Indonesia vs Japan All Annual Observations (1996 – 2023)
Complete annual observations of Research and Development Expenditure (% of GDP) for Indonesia and Japan reported by World Bank.
| Year | 🇮🇩 Indonesia R&D Expenditure | 🇯🇵 Japan R&D Expenditure | Difference / Gap |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | No data | 3.4% | — |
| 2022 | No data | 3.4% | — |
| 2021 | No data | 3.3% | — |
| 2020 | 0.3% | 3.3% | 3.0% |
| 2019 | 0.3% | 3.2% | 2.9% |
| 2018 | 0.2% | 3.2% | 3.0% |
| 2017 | 0.2% | 3.2% | 2.9% |
| 2016 | 0.2% | 3.1% | 2.9% |
| 2015 | No data | 3.2% | — |
| 2014 | No data | 3.4% | — |
| 2013 | 0.1% | 3.3% | 3.2% |
| 2012 | No data | 3.2% | — |
| 2011 | No data | 3.2% | — |
| 2010 | No data | 3.1% | — |
| 2009 | 0.1% | 3.2% | 3.1% |
| 2008 | No data | 3.3% | — |
| 2007 | No data | 3.3% | — |
| 2006 | No data | 3.2% | — |
| 2005 | No data | 3.1% | — |
| 2004 | No data | 3.0% | — |
| 2003 | No data | 3.0% | — |
| 2002 | No data | 3.0% | — |
| 2001 | 0.0% | 2.9% | 2.9% |
| 2000 | 0.1% | 2.9% | 2.8% |
| 1999 | No data | 2.8% | — |
| 1998 | No data | 2.8% | — |
| 1997 | No data | 2.7% | — |
| 1996 | No data | 2.6% | — |
R&D Expenditure Comparison
Historical Trends
Over the available reporting period from 2000 to 2023, Indonesia and Japan followed distinct developmental paths. In 2000, Indonesia recorded 0.1% compared to 2.9% for Japan. By 2023, the values evolved to 0.3% and 3.4% respectively.
Key Differences
About Research and Development Expenditure (% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on research and development expressed as a percentage of GDP.
This comparison uses standardized data from World Bank Open Data. Historical records allow analysts to trace long-term development trajectories for Indonesia and Japan.
Frequently Asked Questions — R&D Expenditure
What is the R&D Expenditure of Indonesia?
In 2020, Indonesia's R&D Expenditure was 0.3% according to official World Bank data.
What is the R&D Expenditure of Japan?
In 2023, Japan's R&D Expenditure was 3.4% according to official World Bank data.
Which country has a higher R&D Expenditure?
In 2023, Japan recorded a higher R&D Expenditure of 3.4% compared to Indonesia's 0.3% (a difference of 3.2%).
How has R&D Expenditure changed over time for Indonesia and Japan?
From 2000 to 2023, Indonesia's R&D Expenditure changed by +314.7% since 2000, while Japan's changed by +20.4% since 2000.
Explore Indonesia vs Japan Interactively
Use TradeSeekho Growth Explorer to customize time ranges, play animated timeline visualizations, and compare Indonesia and Japan across Population, Health, Education, and Technology metrics.
Open Growth Explorer →Related Comparisons
Related Indicators
Data Source and Methodology
Source: World Bank Open Data. Indicator Code:GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS (Research and Development Expenditure (% of GDP)).
Values represent annual research and development expenditure (% of gdp) for Indonesia and Japan from 2000 through 2023. Missing reporting years are omitted without converting missing values to zero.