China vs Indonesia: R&D Expenditure Comparison
Compare Research and Development Expenditure (% of GDP) of China and Indonesia over time using official World Bank Open Data.
In 2023, China recorded Research and Development Expenditure (% of GDP) of 2.6% vs 0.3% for Indonesia (China's R&D Expenditure is 2.3% higher than Indonesia's.).
China vs Indonesia All Annual Observations (1996 – 2023)
Complete annual observations of Research and Development Expenditure (% of GDP) for China and Indonesia reported by World Bank.
| Year | 🇨🇳 China R&D Expenditure | 🇮🇩 Indonesia R&D Expenditure | Difference / Gap |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2.6% | No data | — |
| 2022 | 2.5% | No data | — |
| 2021 | 2.4% | No data | — |
| 2020 | 2.4% | 0.3% | 2.1% |
| 2019 | 2.2% | 0.3% | 1.9% |
| 2018 | 2.1% | 0.2% | 1.9% |
| 2017 | 2.1% | 0.2% | 1.8% |
| 2016 | 2.1% | 0.2% | 1.8% |
| 2015 | 2.0% | No data | — |
| 2014 | 2.0% | No data | — |
| 2013 | 2.0% | 0.1% | 1.9% |
| 2012 | 1.9% | No data | — |
| 2011 | 1.8% | No data | — |
| 2010 | 1.7% | No data | — |
| 2009 | 1.6% | 0.1% | 1.6% |
| 2008 | 1.4% | No data | — |
| 2007 | 1.4% | No data | — |
| 2006 | 1.3% | No data | — |
| 2005 | 1.3% | No data | — |
| 2004 | 1.2% | No data | — |
| 2003 | 1.1% | No data | — |
| 2002 | 1.0% | No data | — |
| 2001 | 0.9% | 0.0% | 0.9% |
| 2000 | 0.9% | 0.1% | 0.8% |
| 1999 | 0.7% | No data | — |
| 1998 | 0.6% | No data | — |
| 1997 | 0.6% | No data | — |
| 1996 | 0.6% | No data | — |
R&D Expenditure Comparison
Historical Trends
Over the available reporting period from 2000 to 2023, China and Indonesia followed distinct developmental paths. In 2000, China recorded 0.9% compared to 0.1% for Indonesia. By 2023, the values evolved to 2.6% and 0.3% respectively.
Key Differences
About Research and Development Expenditure (% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on research and development expressed as a percentage of GDP.
This comparison uses standardized data from World Bank Open Data. Historical records allow analysts to trace long-term development trajectories for China and Indonesia.
Frequently Asked Questions — R&D Expenditure
What is the R&D Expenditure of China?
In 2023, China's R&D Expenditure was 2.6% according to official World Bank data.
What is the R&D Expenditure of Indonesia?
In 2020, Indonesia's R&D Expenditure was 0.3% according to official World Bank data.
Which country has a higher R&D Expenditure?
In 2023, China recorded a higher R&D Expenditure of 2.6% compared to Indonesia's 0.3% (a difference of 2.3%).
How has R&D Expenditure changed over time for China and Indonesia?
From 2000 to 2023, China's R&D Expenditure changed by +191.5% since 2000, while Indonesia's changed by +314.7% since 2000.
Explore China vs Indonesia Interactively
Use TradeSeekho Growth Explorer to customize time ranges, play animated timeline visualizations, and compare China and Indonesia across Population, Health, Education, and Technology metrics.
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Related Indicators
Data Source and Methodology
Source: World Bank Open Data. Indicator Code:GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS (Research and Development Expenditure (% of GDP)).
Values represent annual research and development expenditure (% of gdp) for China and Indonesia from 2000 through 2023. Missing reporting years are omitted without converting missing values to zero.