Germany vs India: R&D Expenditure Comparison
Compare Research and Development Expenditure (% of GDP) of Germany and India over time using official World Bank Open Data.
In 2023, Germany recorded Research and Development Expenditure (% of GDP) of 3.2% vs 0.6% for India (Germany's R&D Expenditure is 2.5% higher than India's.).
Germany vs India All Annual Observations (1996 – 2023)
Complete annual observations of Research and Development Expenditure (% of GDP) for Germany and India reported by World Bank.
| Year | 🇩🇪 Germany R&D Expenditure | 🇮🇳 India R&D Expenditure | Difference / Gap |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 3.2% | No data | — |
| 2022 | 3.1% | No data | — |
| 2021 | 3.1% | No data | — |
| 2020 | 3.1% | 0.6% | 2.4% |
| 2019 | 3.1% | 0.7% | 2.5% |
| 2018 | 3.1% | 0.7% | 2.4% |
| 2017 | 3.0% | 0.7% | 2.3% |
| 2016 | 2.9% | 0.7% | 2.2% |
| 2015 | 2.9% | 0.7% | 2.2% |
| 2014 | 2.8% | 0.7% | 2.1% |
| 2013 | 2.8% | 0.7% | 2.1% |
| 2012 | 2.8% | 0.7% | 2.1% |
| 2011 | 2.8% | 0.8% | 2.0% |
| 2010 | 2.7% | 0.8% | 1.9% |
| 2009 | 2.7% | 0.8% | 1.9% |
| 2008 | 2.6% | 0.9% | 1.7% |
| 2007 | 2.4% | 0.8% | 1.6% |
| 2006 | 2.4% | 0.8% | 1.6% |
| 2005 | 2.4% | 0.8% | 1.6% |
| 2004 | 2.4% | 0.8% | 1.6% |
| 2003 | 2.4% | 0.7% | 1.7% |
| 2002 | 2.4% | 0.7% | 1.7% |
| 2001 | 2.4% | 0.7% | 1.6% |
| 2000 | 2.4% | 0.8% | 1.6% |
| 1999 | 2.3% | 0.7% | 1.6% |
| 1998 | 2.2% | 0.7% | 1.5% |
| 1997 | 2.2% | 0.7% | 1.5% |
| 1996 | 2.1% | 0.6% | 1.5% |
R&D Expenditure Comparison
Historical Trends
Over the available reporting period from 1996 to 2023, Germany and India followed distinct developmental paths. In 1996, Germany recorded 2.1% compared to 0.6% for India. By 2023, the values evolved to 3.2% and 0.6% respectively.
Key Differences
About Research and Development Expenditure (% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on research and development expressed as a percentage of GDP.
This comparison uses standardized data from World Bank Open Data. Historical records allow analysts to trace long-term development trajectories for Germany and India.
Frequently Asked Questions — R&D Expenditure
What is the R&D Expenditure of Germany?
In 2023, Germany's R&D Expenditure was 3.2% according to official World Bank data.
What is the R&D Expenditure of India?
In 2020, India's R&D Expenditure was 0.6% according to official World Bank data.
Which country has a higher R&D Expenditure?
In 2023, Germany recorded a higher R&D Expenditure of 3.2% compared to India's 0.6% (a difference of 2.5%).
How has R&D Expenditure changed over time for Germany and India?
From 2000 to 2023, Germany's R&D Expenditure changed by +32.2% since 2000, while India's changed by -14.7% since 2000.
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Related Indicators
Data Source and Methodology
Source: World Bank Open Data. Indicator Code:GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS (Research and Development Expenditure (% of GDP)).
Values represent annual research and development expenditure (% of gdp) for Germany and India from 1996 through 2023. Missing reporting years are omitted without converting missing values to zero.