Japan vs United Kingdom: R&D Expenditure Comparison
Compare Research and Development Expenditure (% of GDP) of Japan and United Kingdom over time using official World Bank Open Data.
In 2023, Japan recorded Research and Development Expenditure (% of GDP) of 3.4% vs 2.7% for United Kingdom (Japan's R&D Expenditure is 0.8% higher than United Kingdom's.).
Japan vs United Kingdom All Annual Observations (1996 – 2023)
Complete annual observations of Research and Development Expenditure (% of GDP) for Japan and United Kingdom reported by World Bank.
| Year | 🇯🇵 Japan R&D Expenditure | 🇬🇧 United Kingdom R&D Expenditure | Difference / Gap |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 3.4% | 2.7% | 0.8% |
| 2022 | 3.4% | 2.8% | 0.6% |
| 2021 | 3.3% | 2.9% | 0.4% |
| 2020 | 3.3% | 2.9% | 0.3% |
| 2019 | 3.2% | 2.7% | 0.5% |
| 2018 | 3.2% | 2.7% | 0.5% |
| 2017 | 3.2% | 2.3% | 0.8% |
| 2016 | 3.1% | 2.3% | 0.8% |
| 2015 | 3.2% | 2.3% | 1.0% |
| 2014 | 3.4% | 2.3% | 1.1% |
| 2013 | 3.3% | 1.6% | 1.7% |
| 2012 | 3.2% | 1.6% | 1.6% |
| 2011 | 3.2% | 1.6% | 1.6% |
| 2010 | 3.1% | 1.6% | 1.5% |
| 2009 | 3.2% | 1.7% | 1.5% |
| 2008 | 3.3% | 1.6% | 1.7% |
| 2007 | 3.3% | 1.6% | 1.7% |
| 2006 | 3.2% | 1.6% | 1.7% |
| 2005 | 3.1% | 1.6% | 1.6% |
| 2004 | 3.0% | 1.5% | 1.5% |
| 2003 | 3.0% | 1.6% | 1.4% |
| 2002 | 3.0% | 1.6% | 1.4% |
| 2001 | 2.9% | 1.6% | 1.3% |
| 2000 | 2.9% | 1.6% | 1.2% |
| 1999 | 2.8% | 1.6% | 1.2% |
| 1998 | 2.8% | 1.5% | 1.3% |
| 1997 | 2.7% | 1.5% | 1.2% |
| 1996 | 2.6% | 1.6% | 1.1% |
R&D Expenditure Comparison
Historical Trends
Over the available reporting period from 1996 to 2023, Japan and United Kingdom followed distinct developmental paths. In 1996, Japan recorded 2.6% compared to 1.6% for United Kingdom. By 2023, the values evolved to 3.4% and 2.7% respectively.
Key Differences
About Research and Development Expenditure (% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on research and development expressed as a percentage of GDP.
This comparison uses standardized data from World Bank Open Data. Historical records allow analysts to trace long-term development trajectories for Japan and United Kingdom.
Frequently Asked Questions — R&D Expenditure
What is the R&D Expenditure of Japan?
In 2023, Japan's R&D Expenditure was 3.4% according to official World Bank data.
What is the R&D Expenditure of United Kingdom?
In 2023, United Kingdom's R&D Expenditure was 2.7% according to official World Bank data.
Which country has a higher R&D Expenditure?
In 2023, Japan recorded a higher R&D Expenditure of 3.4% compared to United Kingdom's 2.7% (a difference of 0.8%).
How has R&D Expenditure changed over time for Japan and United Kingdom?
From 2000 to 2023, Japan's R&D Expenditure changed by +20.4% since 2000, while United Kingdom's changed by +66.3% since 2000.
Explore Japan vs United Kingdom Interactively
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Related Indicators
Data Source and Methodology
Source: World Bank Open Data. Indicator Code:GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS (Research and Development Expenditure (% of GDP)).
Values represent annual research and development expenditure (% of gdp) for Japan and United Kingdom from 1996 through 2023. Missing reporting years are omitted without converting missing values to zero.